![]() ![]() With this including none other than Adolf Hitler, who as young soldier in the first war knew the effects of this weapon being gassed on the Western Front and didn’t want it used against his enemies in fear of it being used against Germany. In the Second world war all sides stocked piled gas for use, but it was only used in small numbers as the horror of its use in the first war still haunted many. Such as the Hypo Hood, PH Hood and the Small Boxed Respirator, with masks even being designed for animals such as dogs and Horses during the course of the war.Īs the First World War drew to a close the use of gas became less effective on both sides due to the introduction of new ways to protect the soldier. With the new forms of gas being used new ways had to be invented to counter the effects. With many men have long lasting effects such as skin burns and lung problems and in some cases blindness. By the end of 1915 Chlorine became less effective and the Germans began using other gases such as Phosgene and Mustard gas which depending on how much was inhaled or exposed to the skin either killed or wounded the soldier. The P helmet, PH helmet and PHG helmets were. World War 1 soldier during chemical attack Flat Mask By BMed From 12.09 Doughboy Flat Mask By Plopman From 8. The mask was first damped with water as barrier but was later found that urine which contains urea that reacted against the Chlorine and forming a more effective barrier. This object is a British First World War gas mask known as the PH hood. The first counter measures against Chlorine was use of a cotton face mask and goggles designed by Dr Cluny MacPherson. One scientist called John Haldane even gassed himself to feel the effects of the gas. respirator with canister, haversackkhaki rubberised cloth face mask with clear glass eyepieces and black elastic harness rubber mouthpiece inside connected. Army Medical Officers and Scientists went to great lengths to find ways to counter this new form of warfare. They themselves used chlorine but due to wind change the gas was blown back towards the British Lines. The First use of the British using gas was a disaster when on the 25th April 1915 during the Battle for Loos. If the air was dry the gas would linger and dispel over a short time. Wind was favourable as if it was blowing towards the enemy the gas was able to travel faster and spread. The Weather was a key factor when using gas. Causing heavy loses to the defending British, Canadian and French troops but they were still able to hold back the advancing Germans. ![]() It wasn’t till the 22nd April 1915, The Germans used gas to good effect near the Belgium town of Ypres. However, instead of vaporizing, the chemical froze and failed to have the desired effect due to the cold weather. The first instance of large-scale use of gas was on the 31st January 1915, when the Germans fired artillery shells containing tear gas on Russian positions on the Rawka River, west of Warsaw during the Battle of Bolimov. These didn’t work as expected and very soon stopped being used. The same adhesive mixture was applied to the nylon bobbinet used to encapsulate the elastic head straps, however in this case it was reactivated with isopropanol fumes through Gore-Tex, and further secured with Skala 360 brown polyester thread.The earliest military uses of chemicals were tear-gas grenades used by the French in 1914 though they were not designed to kill but to irritate the eyes and skin. After reactivating the adhesive with small amounts of isopropanol or acetone in liquid form, the lining was applied to the interior of the facemask in sections, which allowed for greater control and safer handling. To prepare the lining for the facemask, a large piece of Hollytex was pre-toned with Golden fluid acrylic paints, and the 1:1 Lascaux 498HV:Lascaux 303HV mixture was evenly brushed on and allowed to dry. Mylar (biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate film) Lascaux 303HV (aqueous dispersion of butyl acrylate and methylmethacrylate thickened with acrylic butylester, replaces Lascaux 360HV) Lascaux 498HV (aqueous dispersion of butyl acrylate and methylmethacrylate thickened with acrylic butylester) Hollytex (spun bonded polyester with a calendared surface) Golden Fluid Acrylic colors (low-viscosity acrylic paints with a high pigment load) Acrylic Sheet Backer Rod (cylindrical polyethylene foam) ![]()
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